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Brand: Xinep Active Ingredient: Nepafenac BP 0.1% w/v Preservative: Benzalkonium Chloride Solution IP 0.02% w/v Volume: 5 ml bottle Drug Class: NSAID prodrug (Ophthalmic anti-inflammatory and analgesic) Indications: Pain and inflammation after cataract surgery; prevention of postoperative macular edema in diabetic patients Mechanism: Penetrates cornea, converted to amfenac by ocular hydrolases; amfenac inhibits COX-1 and COX-2, blocking prostaglandin synthesis, reducing inflammation and pain Dosage: 1 drop in affected eye(s) 3 times daily, starting 1 day before surgery through 2 weeks post-op (up to 60 days for diabetic macular edema prevention) Onset of Action: Rapid corneal penetration; anti-inflammatory effect within hours Most Common Side Effects: Stinging/burning (1-2 min), blurred vision, eye redness, foreign body sensation, dry/sticky feeling, itching Serious Side Effects: Corneal erosion/ulceration, secondary cataract, increased intraocular pressure, allergic reactions Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to any ingredient Contact Lenses: Remove before use; wait 15 minutes before reinserting Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Consult doctor before use Storage: Cool, dark place away from direct sunlight Shake Well Before Use Prescription Required: Yes For External Use Only: Not for injection Price Range: Approximately 130 to 200 rupees per 5 ml bottle

Brand: ZO-D Active Ingredients: Ofloxacin 0.3% w/v + Dexamethasone 0.1% w/v Volume: 5 ml bottle Drug Class: Fluoroquinolone antibiotic + Corticosteroid (combination) Indications: Bacterial eye/ear infections (conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, otitis externa), inflammation, allergic reactions with secondary infection Mechanism: Ofloxacin inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (kills bacteria); Dexamethasone blocks prostaglandin production (reduces inflammation, redness, swelling) Dosage: Eye - 1-2 drops every 2 hours for 2 days, then every 4 hours for 2-3 days; Ear - 2-3 drops 2-3 times daily Onset of Action: Relief within hours; full course required for complete resolution Most Common Side Effects: Burning/stinging, blurred vision, irritation, redness, dryness, itching, change in taste Serious Side Effects: Increased intraocular pressure, fungal superinfection, cataract, allergic reactions, corneal thinning Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones or corticosteroids; not for viral or fungal infections Contact Lenses: Do not wear during treatment Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Consult doctor before use Storage: Cool, dry place away from direct sunlight Prescription Required: Yes For External Use Only: Not for injection Price Range: Approximately 23 to 35 rupees per 5 ml bottle